Ethereal eastern orthodox

The Presanctified was from the start an evening service, Communion following Vespers, to be conducted after the Ninth Hour, i. The daylong fast was thus broken early in the evening, much as the total fast on Sunday is broken after Communion. It is likely that this service was not always confined to Lent, but was common to all of the Church's fasting seasons. However, permeated as it is with the "bright sadness" of Lent, it has taken on a special beauty and solemnity. As we pray for the Catechumens, those being made ready for Holy Baptism on Easter Saturday, we sense a direct connection with the Christian Church of the early centuries, and understand the initial character of Lent as preparation for Baptism and for Easter.

But it is the Prayers of the Faithful that really illuminate the Lenten road, giving us a fuller understanding of the meaning and purpose of the Lenten discipline: "Liberate all our senses from killing passion, setting over them as benevolent sovereign our inner reason.

Let the eye be averted from every evil sight, and the ear be deaf to idle talk. May the tongue be purged of unseemly speech. Purify these lips that praise You, Lord. Make our hands abstain from wicked deeds, doing only such things as are pleasing to You, thus sealing with Your grace all our members, and our mind.

Grant that we may receive them in blameless communion, so that as the eyes of our understanding see the light, we may become children of light and of day. Yet to provide the faithful with the "food of immortality", the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts, that is, with the Eucharistic Gifts consecrated beforehand, at the Liturgy of the previous Sunday, came into use early on.

It is attested as the approved custom by the Quinisext Council of The Presanctified Gifts were offered to the faithful, after the ninth hour, about p. The Presanctified is conducted from fifteen to eighteen times a year: On Wednesday and Friday of the first six weeks of Lent. On Thursday of the fourth week of Lent. Good Friday is an a liturgical day. Particularities of the Presanctified On the preceding Sunday, at the Prothesis, after dedicating the principal Amnos, or "Lamb", to be distributed in Holy Communion that day, the Priest prepares as many additional "Lambs" as there will be Liturgies of the Presanctified during that week, saying for each the same dedicatory prayers as for the first.

However, at the Consecration of the Gifts all the "Lambs" are presented as one, for Christ is one. Similarly, at the elevation, all the "Lambs" are elevated together. At the fraction, the Priest breaks only that Amnos which he dedicated first at the Prothesis. As for the others, he takes them one by one in his left hand, and with the spoon in his right pours a small amount of the Holy and Precious Blood of the Lord crosswise on the underside incised with the Cross, then places them in the tabernacle.

Readings from the Psalms are an important element of the Presanctified; the text used here is the translation from the Greek Septuagint authorized by the Holy Archdiocese in , to be used "wherever the Psalms occur in our services. Priest: Blessed is the Kingdom of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, now and always and forever and ever. Reader: Amen. Come, let us worship God our King and bow down before Him.

Come, let us worship Christ God our King and bow down before Him. Come, let us worship Christ, our King and our God, and bow down before Him. O Lord, my God, you are great indeed! Clothed in pomp and brilliance, arrayed with light as with a cloak, stretching out the sky as a tent-cloth, establishing your lofty halls on water. You make the clouds your conveyance, you surge on the wings of the wind. You make the winds your messengers, and flaming fires your attendants.

You settled the earth on its foundation: it shall stand unmoved from age to age. The abyss covered it like a garment; the waters stood above the mountains. At your rebuke, they take to flight, at the peal of your thunder, they flee. They hurdle the hills and run down the dales to the place you have chosen for them. You have set up a boundary not to be passed: they shall never return to cover the earth. Down in the gullies, you make springs to rise; waters shall flow between the mountains.

They shall give drink to the beasts of the field; wild asses will seek them to quench their thirst. The birds of the sky shall abide by them; from among the rocks, they will raise their song. From your lofty halls you refresh the hills; the earth shall be fed with the fruit of your works.

You make green pastures for the cattle and food-plants for the service of man, so that bread may be drawn from the earth, and wine that gladdens the heart of man; so that oil may put a gleam on his face, and that bread may strengthen the heart of man. The trees of the plain shall be satisfied, the cedars of Lebanon that he planted. Sparrows shall build their nests in them, herons shall call them their home.

To the deer belong the high mountains; to rodents, the shelter of the rock. You have made the moon to mark the seasons; the sun knows the time of its setting. You establish darkness, and it is night, wherein the forest creatures prowl. Young lions roar for their prey, and call out to God for their meat.

As the sun rises, they will come together, and lay themselves down in their dens. Man will go out to his labor, and work until eventide. How great are your works, O Lord! In wisdom you have wrought them all. The earth is filled with your creatures, even the wide and open sea. Within it are countless creeping things, living beings small and large. Upon it there are ships a-sailing, and the great beast you made to have fun.

All of them look to you to give them their food in due season. You provide and they gather up; you open your hands, and they are full. You hide your face, and they cringe; you suspend their breath, and they die and return to their dust.

You send forth your breath, and they live; you renew the face of the earth. May the Lord's glory endure forever, may the Lord rejoice in his works. He looks upon the earth, and makes it quake; he touches the mountains, and they smoke. Would that my thoughts be pleasing to him, and I will rejoice in the Lord. May the sinners vanish from the earth, and the wicked be no more. Bless the Lord, O my soul! The sun knows the time of its setting. You establish darkness and it is night.

Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, now and always and forever and ever. Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia, glory to you, O God. O Lord our hope, glory to you. Cantor: Lord, have mercy. Deacon: For heavenly peace and the salvation of our souls let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: For peace in the whole world, the stability of God's Holy Churches and for the oneness of all, let us pray to the Lord.

Deacon: For this holy house, and all who enter it with faith, reverence and godly fear, let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: For our Archbishop Name , our Bishop Name , the worthy priesthood, the deacons in Christ, for all the clergy and the people, let us pray to the Lord.

Deacon: For our country, the President, and all in public service, let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: For this city and this Parish, for every city and land, and for the faithful who live in them, let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: For temperate weather, abundance of the goods of the earth, and for peaceful times, let us pray to the Lord.

Deacon: For those who travel, by land, sea and air, for those who are sick or suffering or in captivity, and for their safekeeping, let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: That we may be spared all affliction, violence, danger and want, let us pray to the Lord. Deacon: Help us, save us, have mercy on us and keep us, O God, in Your grace. Remembering our most holy, pure, blessed and glorious Lady, the Theotokos and ever-virgin Mary, with all the saints, let us commend ourselves and one another, and our whole life to Christ our God.

Cantor: To You, O Lord. The Prayer of the First Antiphon Priest: inaudibly Gracious and merciful Lord, forbearing and generous in mercy, hear our prayer and heed the voice of our entreaty. Give us a sign of Your favor.

Lead us in Your way, that we may walk in Your truth; gladden our hearts, that we may be in awe of Your holy name, for You are great in the wonders You perform. You alone are God, and among all deities none is Your like, O Lord: mighty in mercy and benevolent in might, helping and comforting and saving all who trust in Your holy name. Priest: For all glory, honor and worship are Your due, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, now and always and forever and ever.

Cantor: Amen. After which the gates of the Royal doors are closed and the Reader reads the eighteenth division of the Psalter. While the first stasis of the Kathisma is being read, the Priest, making three deep prostrations, opens the Tabernacle Artophorion and censing the gifts, he places the paten diskarion on the open antimension on the Holy Altar.

With great reverence he places a "Lamb " upon it. Then, covering it with the veil, and led by the censer, he proceeds to the Prothesis. There he pours wine and water into the chalice in the usual way, covers it with the second veil, then both vessels with the aer. These actions are accompanied simply by the "Through the prayers of the Holy Fathers, Lord Jesus Christ, have mercy on us and save us.

O Lord, save me from lying lips, and from a treacherous tongue. What shall be given you and what more shall be done to you, you deceitful tongue? The sharpened arrows of a warrior with firebrands made of the broom tree. Woe is me that my exile has been so long; that I have set up tent in the camp of Kedar.

Too long have I stayed among those who hate peace. I was peaceable, but when I spoke to them, they warred against me without cause. My help is from the Lord who made heaven and earth. He will not suffer your foot to stumble; nor shall the Guardian fall asleep.

Behold, he will neither sleep nor slumber, the Watcher over Israel. The Lord will keep watch over you; the Lord is your shade at your right hand. The sun shall not scorch you by day, nor shall the moon fail you by night.

The Lord will preserve you from every evil, the Lord will safeguard your life. The Lord will guard your coming and your going henceforth and for evermore. For there did the tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord as it was decreed to Israel to give thanks to the name of the Lord.

For there have been placed thrones for judgment, thrones for the house of David. Pray, then, for the peace of Jerusalem, and may prosperity be with those who love you. May peace be within your walls, and prosperity upon your towers.

For the sake of my brethren and my friends, I have indeed asked peace for you; for the sake of the house of the Lord our God, I have earnestly sought your good. As the eyes of the servants are on the hands of their masters, as the eyes of a maid are on the hands of her mistress, so our eyes are on the Lord our God until he has mercy on us.

Have mercy on us, O Lord, have mercy on us; for we have had more than our fill of contempt: yes, our soul has been more than glutted. May disgrace fall on the prosperous, and contempt on the proud. Truly, the raging waters would have overwhelmed us. Blessed be the Lord who has not abandoned us as prey to their teeth.

Like a bird of passage we were rescued from the fowler's net. The snare was torn asunder, and we escaped. Our help is in the name of the Lord who made heaven and earth. Alleluia, alleluia, alleluia, glory to You, O God. Lord, have mercy. Deacon: Again in peace let us pray to the Lord. The Prayer of the Second Antiphon Priest: inaudibly O Lord, do not rebuke us in Your anger; do not chastise us in Your wrath; but deal with us according to Your loving kindness, as Healer and Physician of our souls.

Guide us to the harbor of Your will; enlighten the eyes of our hearts that we may know Your truth; and grant that the rest of this day may be peaceful and without sin, as may our whole life, through the prayers of the Theotokos and of all tile saints.

Priest: For Yours is the dominion, and Yours the kingdom and the power and the glory, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, now and always and forever and ever. Mountains are all around Jerusalem, as the Lord is around his people, now and forever.

For the Lord will not let the scepter of the wicked rule over the land of the just, lest the just themselves apply their hands to iniquities. Do good, O Lord, to those who are good, and to those whose heart is upright. But those who stray into crooked ways, the Lord will expel with evildoers.

Peace upon Israel! Then our mouth was filled with laughter, and our tongue with rejoicing. Then it was said among the Gentiles, "The Lord has done great things for them. O Lord, return our captives as streams return to the south.

Those who weep as they sow shall rejoice as they reap. Though they went forth shedding tears as they scattered their seeds, they shall return rejoicing, bearing with them their sheaves. In vain do you rise early: you get up after rest only to eat the bread of grief, for he provides for his beloved while they sleep. Behold, the Lord's inheritance is his children, and his reward, the fruit of the womb.

As arrows in the hand of a mighty warrior, so are the children of the exiles. Blessed the man who will be able to fill his quiver with them: they shall never be put to shame when they meet their foes at the gates. You shall eat of your hand's labor: blessed are you, and it shall be well with you. Your wife shall be like a fruitful vine in the recesses of your house: your children like olive shoots around your table.

Behold, in this way shall be blessed the man who fears the Lord. May the Lord bless you from Sion, and may you see the wealth of Jerusalem all the days of your life. And may you see your children's children. Often have they assailed me since my youth, but they have not prevailed over me. The wicked plowed my back: they increased their iniquity. But the righteous Lord has cut asunder the neck of the sinners. Let them all be confounded and turned back, those who hate Sion: let them become like grass on the house-tops which withers before it can sprout; with which the reaper fills not his hand, nor the binder of sheaves his arms, while those who pass by do not say, "The blessing of the Lord be upon you!

Prayer of the Third Antiphon Priest: inaudibly Lord our God, be mindful of us sinners and Your unfit servants, even as we call upon Your holy name; and do not put us to shame for having placed our hope in Your mercy; but grant, O Lord, all that we ask for our salvation; and make us worthy to love and fear You with all our heart, and in all things to do Your wilt.

Let your ears be attentive to the voice of my plea. If you retain sins, Lord, O Lord, who can stand? With you there is forgiveness. For your name's sake, O Lord, I have waited for you. My soul has waited for your promise, my soul has hoped in the Lord. My soul has trusted in the Lord, from the morning watch till night. Let Israel hope in the Lord, for with the Lord there is steadfast love and in him is full redemption, and he will redeem Israel from all his iniquities.

I have not busied myself with lofty pursuits, nor with wonders too great for me. If I have failed to remain humble, but instead have exalted my soul, as a weaned child is treated by its mother, so will you deal with my soul. Let Israel hope in the Lord, henceforth and forever. Let us enter into his tabernacles, let us worship where his feet once stood.

Arise, O Lord, and go to your rest, you and the ark of your holiness. May your priests be clothed in righteousness, and your faithful ones rejoice. For the sake of David your servant, turn not away the face of your anointed one. The Lord swore to David a promise which he will not retract: "One of your own flesh I will place on your throne.

If your sons will keep my covenant and the revelations I will offer them, their sons also shall be seated upon your throne for evermore. I will bless abundantly her provisions; I will feed her poor with bread; I will clothe her priests with salvation, and the faithful shall exult with joy. There will I raise the pride of David; I have readied a lamp for my anointed one. I will clothe his enemies with shame, but on him my crown shall shine.

It is as ointment upon the head, which runs down over the beard, the beard of Aaron, runs down to the hem of his garment. It is like the dew of Hermon which falls on the mountains of Sion, for there the Lord has ordained the blessing: life for evermore. By night, lift up your hands to the holy places and bless the Lord.

May the Lord who made heaven and earth bless you out of Sion. Lord our hope, glory to You. The Prayer of the Fourth Antiphon Priest: inaudibly Praised by the heavenly powers with hymns that are never silent and doxologies that never cease, fill our lips with praise of You, that we may fitly magnify Your holy name. And grant us a portion and share with all who truly fear You and keep Your commandments; at the intercession of the holy Theotokos and of all the saints.

Priest: For You are our God, a God who shows mercy and saves, and to You we offer up glory, to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, now and always and forever and ever. Lord, I have cried out to you, hear me; hearken to the voice of my prayer as I cry out to you, hear me , O Lord. As the second verse begins, the Priest invokes a blessing on the incense and the Deacon censes in the usual manner.

Let my prayer rise as incense before you; the lifting up of my hands as an evening sacrifice. Set a guard, O Lord, over my mouth, and a gate to contain my lips. Let not my heart incline to evil deeds, to finding excuses for sinful doings. In the company of men who work iniquity, and I will not partake of their delicacies. Let the just man chasten me with kindness and chide me. But the oil of the wicked shall never touch my head, yet even then would I pray for their good will. Their judges were dashed against the rock: they shall hear my words, how sweet they are.

As a lump of clay broken on the ground, so shall their bones be strewn near the grave. On you, Lord, O Lord, my eyes are fixed; in you have I trusted: take not my life. Keep me from the snare which they have set for me, and from the traps of wicked men. The wicked shall fall into their own nets, while I alone escape. Before him, I will pour out my prayer; in his presence, I will tell of my distress.

When my spirit was fainting within me, you knew my paths. On that very road I was walking, they set a trap for me. I looked to my right and observed: no one was aware of me. I had no means of escape: no one would take care of my life. I cried out to you, O Lord, and said, "You are my hope, my share in the land of the living. Attend to my supplication, for I am laid very low.

Release me from prison, that I may give thanks to your name. Priest: Peace be to you. Deacon: Wisdom. The priest then moves to the south of the Holy Table and censes, chanting aloud. The Church of Finland: autonomous status granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate in I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible. Who, for us men, and for our salvation, came down from the heavens, and was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the virgin Mary, and became man; and was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate; and suffered, and was buried; and arose again on the third day, according to the Scriptures; And ascended into the heavens, and sitteth on the right hand of the Father; and shall come again, with glory, to judge both the living and the dead; Whose kingdom shall have no end.

I confess one baptism for the remission of sins; I look for the resurrection of the dead, And the life of the age to come. The Nicene Creed, unlke the Apostles Creed or the Athanasian Creed, is the only creed proclaimed by an Ecumenical Council and thus the only creed vested with the authority of the Orthodox Church.

The Apostles Creed is an ancient statement of faith whose use as a Baptismal Creed and inherent teaching is respected by the Orthodox Church but it is never used in Orthodox Service. The Athanasian Creed is also not used in Orthodox worship services but is occasionally printed in the Book of Hours Horologian without the Filioque [1] Filioque The Filioque is an important difference between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church [15] [16] and, arguably, was one of the causes of the Great Schism of The Western Church argued that, although the text of the Nicaeno-Constantinopolitan Creed did not contain the Filioque, it was implicit and known to the participants in the Council; they contend that the change merely clarifies the Creed.

The Eastern Church denies this, and interprets the original Creed as asserting that the Spirit proceeds exclusively from the Father. Western theologians drew upon scripture to justify its inclusion, and upon the writings of both Western and Eastern theologians, in particular, Augustine and Hilary of Poitiers who came very close to the doctrine of the Filioque in their writings.

Its theological import is that it indicates a different relationship between the Father and the Son and the Son and the Spirit which, in the Eastern Orthodox Church, is not confirmed by the Scriptures. As such, it is a paramount issue in the beliefs of Orthodox Christians. This has three essential components: beliefs handed down from the Twelve Apostles [26] ; a physical succession of ordination of the church hierarchy unlike most other churches [27] and a spiritual lineage.

This line of succession therefore dates to the Twelve Apostles [28] without break over nearly years. And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it. And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.

Believers are not to be disassociated individuals, but are to be members of this Church, with a shared faith. Peter is a rock upon which the church will be built, metaphorically, the essence of the foundation. While this authority is given to Peter first, it is also given to the other Apostles John Truth, from this perspective, is not a body of ideas or a proposition but a physical manifestation, the Christ. It also diverges from Protestant and non-denominational Christian beliefs that the concept of succession is to all Christians, and is wholly spiritual or metaphorical in that there is no actual physical succession handed down through a church hierarchy and, therefore, no unified corporate body of the Church.

Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John Acts Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost The Eastern Orthodox interpretation is that those who heard the Word of God were not a church nor in the Church per se, and having heard the Word of God they had yet to undergo the act of receiving the Holy Ghost. By the doctrine of Apostolic Succession, although the Christians of Samaria had heard the Word of God, they had yet to be administered directly to by the Apostles.

The doctrine draws on the recorded act of going to the Christians of Samaria and taking part in their leadership physically as well as spiritually: while they had only been baptised, they were still not yet a part of the Church. Philip was at Samaria at the same time as the Apostles Peter and John, but as a deacon and evangelist he had specific roles, and they had roles that he did not. In other words, deacons could preach and baptise, but a bishop an Apostle or one had received the Succession had to confirm the baptism and pray for them to receive the Holy Spirit.

The process of Apostolic ordination For the Eastern Orthoxox Church, the act of making Philip and the others deacons sets a precedent, in that the Apostles themselves including Matthias who had replaced Judas Iscariot ordained the seven deacons. This appointment and ordination and its attendant process and its ultimate goal further defines the doctrine of Succession.

The Apostles had a role to fulfil, while members of the community complained that some of their number were not being taken care of. The Christian community at that time was Jewish, and followed the traditions of that faith. The needy in Jewish communities were administered to through the synagogue collections that provided food, the weekly kuppah basket and the daily tamhui tray.

The early Christian Church did the same for their community. However, Greek-speaking Jews felt that their widows were not receiving the same daily distribution of food as Hebrew-speaking widows. The process then included an appointment by the disciples and subsequent ordination by the Apostles, which included placing their hands on the heads of the seven the laying on of hands.

The act of physically ordaining and preserving a direct corporeal lineage is supported in several places in the New Testament Acts Peter and John placed their hands on new Christians in Samaria; Acts , Ananias places his hands on Saul later known as Paul the Apostle ; Acts The Apostles lay hands on Barnabas and Saul before sending them out; Acts Paul the Apostle administers the laying on of hands; Acts Paul the Apostle administers the laying on of hands.

These role models are developed through the New Testament. The differences between Philip the Evangelist one of the ordained deacons in Acts and the Apostles becomes apparent in later events related in the Acts of the Apostles. Christian and Church The doctrine of Apostolic Succession does not say that one cannot be a Christian unless one is in the Apostolic Church. A great deal might happen to an individual before entering the Church.

An individual might experience divine visions, baptism of the Holy Spirit might precede the baptism with water, but the presence of an Apostle or one who has received the Succession is still paramount in the act of joining the Church. When they met, Simon Peter preached, and the centurion and others received the Holy Spirit: Acts While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Ghost fell on all them which heard the word.

The implications for the role of the Orthodox Clergy are stated in John If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them, if you retain the sins of any, they are retained. Members of that Church had deposed their ordained leaders, and Clement reminded them that the purpose of Apostolic Succession was to provide continuity and to prevent strife over the office of the bishop [36] 1Clem And our Apostles knew through our Lord Jesus Christ that there would be strife over the name of the bishop's office.

The doctrines of the Eastern Orthodox Church were estabished in seven ecumencial councils that took place in the first millennium; they comprise infallible statements of faith and constitute "an abiding and irrevocable authority". This last council was declared fully ecumenical by the Latin Church, in that the Eastern Orthodox Church had sent representatives.

At the time, the Greek Empire Constantinople was attempting to enrol allies in their conflict with the Ottoman Turks. To this day, Roman Catholic sources insist that a reunification of the ancient patriarchates was effected at the Council of Florence [42] ; Orthodox sources emphatically deny this.

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